Jerome Township is one of the fourteen townships of Union County, Ohio. The estimated population of Jerome Township in 2022 was 10,250 people.

It is the only Jerome Township statewide, and only one of two nationwide.

Jerome Township was organized on March 12, 1821. In 1854, the population of the township was 1,249. 

In the Civil War, 367 residents of Jerome Township enlisted to fight. This was a remarkably high level, 151 more than were recognized as voters (only 216) and fully 25% of the population of 1,398. It included several boys aged 16 and one aged 14. 75 of those who enlisted died or were killed in the war. They, and the service of township residents in the War of 1812, the Mexican War and the war with Spain in 1898, are commemorated with a war memorial more than 20 feet high in New California.  It is located on the corner of Industrial Parkway and US 42.